Because 和 Because of 用法差在哪?While、During 怎麼選,多益 Part 5 最常考的陷阱

多益 Part 5 很愛來這招:空格前後讀起來都很通順,選項卻同時放了 because 和 because of,旁邊還順手塞一個 due to 來亂。這幾個字中文都是「因為」,差別其實不在意思,而在後面接的東西。because of 用法只要抓到這個重點,while 和 during 也能用同一套邏輯解決。下面先放 6 題模擬題,自己做做看再對答案。

先來試試看

Q1. The flight to Tokyo was delayed for three hours ______ heavy fog at the airport.
(A) because
(B) because of
(C) although
(D) so

Q2. ______ the printer on the third floor was out of toner, Kevin had to print the report downstairs.
(A) Because of
(B) Due to
(C) Because
(D) Despite

Q3. ______ reviewing the contract, Ms. Chen noticed that the delivery date was incorrect.
(A) During
(B) While
(C) Because of
(D) Due to

Q4. Attendees are asked to keep their phones on silent ______ the presentation.
(A) while
(B) because
(C) during
(D) although

Q5. ______ sales in Asia increased by 12 percent, revenue in Europe dropped slightly.
(A) During
(B) Because of
(C) Despite
(D) While

Q6. NOTICE: The north entrance will be closed this week ______ renovation work in the lobby.
(A) because
(B) due to
(C) while
(D) so that

解答&解析

Q1 答案:(B) because of
The flight to Tokyo was delayed for three hours because of heavy fog at the airport.
飛往東京的班機因為機場起大霧延誤了三個小時。

空格後面的 heavy fog at the airport 是名詞片語,裡面沒有動詞,所以要用介系詞片語 because of,這就是 because of 用法最基本的考法。最容易被騙的是 (A) because,意思完全對,但 because 後面要接完整的句子,如果真的想用 because,句子要改成 because there was heavy fog at the airport 才行。(D) so 是「所以」,方向整個反過來,霧是原因,不是結果。

Q2 答案:(C) Because
Because the printer on the third floor was out of toner, Kevin had to print the report downstairs.
因為三樓的印表機沒碳粉了,Kevin 只好到樓下印報告。

空格後面有主詞 the printer,也有動詞 was,是一個完整的子句,所以要用連接詞 because。(A) Because of 和 (B) Due to 意思一樣是「因為」,這也是這題最誘人的地方,但它們後面只能接名詞,遇到完整句子就不能用。(D) Despite 是「儘管」,意思跟題目的因果關係對不上。

Q3 答案:(B) While
While reviewing the contract, Ms. Chen noticed that the delivery date was incorrect.
陳小姐在檢查合約的時候,發現交貨日期寫錯了。

reviewing 是 V-ing,while + V-ing 其實是 While she was reviewing the contract 省略了主詞和 be 動詞,前提是前後兩句的主詞都是 Ms. Chen。最誘人的錯誤是 (A) During,中文也是「在……期間」,但 during 是介系詞,後面要接名詞,要寫成 during the review of the contract 才對,during reviewing 在多益裡是錯的。

Q4 答案:(C) during
Attendees are asked to keep their phones on silent during the presentation.
請與會者在簡報期間將手機調成靜音。

the presentation 是名詞,後面沒有動詞,用介系詞 during 剛好。(A) while 意思對但詞性不對,while 後面要接子句或 V-ing,例如 while the speaker is presenting。(B) because 和 (D) although 不只詞性錯,語意也不通。

Q5 答案:(D) While
While sales in Asia increased by 12 percent, revenue in Europe dropped slightly.
雖然亞洲的銷售成長了 12%,歐洲的營收卻小幅下滑。

這題的 while 不是「當……的時候」,而是「然而、雖然」,用來對比前後兩件事,一邊成長一邊下滑就是對比的訊號。最誘人的是 (C) Despite,意思很接近,但 despite 是介系詞,後面不能接 sales increased 這種完整子句,要改成 despite the increase in sales 才行。(A) During 是時間介系詞,詞性和語意都不對。

Q6 答案:(B) due to
NOTICE: The north entrance will be closed this week due to renovation work in the lobby.
公告:北側入口本週因大廳整修暫停開放。

renovation work in the lobby 是名詞片語,所以要選 due to。公告、通知這類正式文字特別愛用 due to,多益 Part 6 很常出現。最誘人的是 (A) because,意思一樣但後面需要子句。(D) so that 是「以便」,表示目的,跟整修造成封閉的因果關係不合。

Because of 後面加什麼

答案很簡單:because of 後面加名詞、名詞片語,或是 V-ing。because 則是連接詞,後面一定要接一個有主詞、有動詞的完整句子。這就是 because 用法和 because of 用法最核心的差別,意思一模一樣,只是後面「裝的東西」不同。

because of the rain,雨是名詞。because it was raining,有主詞 it 和動詞 was raining。兩句都是「因為下雨」,只是包裝方式不一樣。

台灣人還有一個超常見的習慣,就是把中文的「因為……所以……」直接搬進英文,寫成 Because it was raining, so we stayed home. 這是錯誤用法,英文裡 because 和 so 只能選一個,要嘛寫 Because it was raining, we stayed home.,要嘛寫 It was raining, so we stayed home.。另外,如果想表達的是「既然你都這樣說了」那種已知的理由,用 since 來說「既然」會比 because 自然。

(1)
A: Why are you so late?
A: 你怎麼這麼晚才到?

B: Sorry, I missed the bus because I overslept.
B: 抱歉,我睡過頭,結果錯過公車了。

(2)
A: Did the concert still happen?
A: 演唱會後來有辦嗎?

B: No, it got canceled because of the typhoon.
B: 沒有,因為颱風取消了。

(3)
A: You didn’t order beef noodles? That’s weird.
A: 你竟然沒點牛肉麵?好奇怪喔。

B: Because I had them for lunch yesterday.
B: 因為我昨天午餐才吃過啦。

(4)
A: How was your trip to Kenting?
A: 墾丁玩得怎樣?

B: Not great. We stayed in the hotel most of the time because of the rain.
B: 不怎麼樣,因為下雨,我們大部分時間都待在飯店。

(5)
I couldn’t sleep last night because of my neighbor’s loud music.
我昨晚因為鄰居音樂開超大聲,完全睡不著。

Due to 和 Owing to

due to 用法跟 because of 是同一國的,後面一樣接名詞,意思也是「因為、由於」。差別在語氣,due to 比較正式,常出現在公告、email、新聞和機場廣播裡,所以多益超愛拿它出題,有時候還會把 because of 和 due to 當成同義替換,讓你在選項裡看到兩個意思一樣的答案。owing to 又更正式一點,英式英文比較常見,日常聊天幾乎不會用。

另一個要記住的 due to 用法是放在 be 動詞後面,例如 The delay was due to bad weather.(延誤是天氣不好造成的)。這種句型 because of 也可以用,但在正式文件裡 due to 出現的頻率高很多。如果想把多益常考的介系詞片語一起整理,in charge of、responsible for 這類片語也是同樣「後面接名詞」的邏輯。

(6)
A: Why is the MRT so packed right now?
A: 捷運現在怎麼這麼擠?

B: There’s a delay on the Red Line due to a signal problem.
B: 紅線因為號誌故障在延誤。

(7)
A: Is the gym open tomorrow?
A: 健身房明天有開嗎?

B: Nope, it’s closed due to maintenance. There’s a notice by the door.
B: 沒有,因為設備維修要休息,門口有貼公告。

(8)
A: Why did they push back the meeting?
A: 他們為什麼把會議延後?

B: The manager said it was due to a scheduling conflict.
B: 經理說是因為時間撞到了。

(9)
The store will close early tonight owing to staff training.
因為員工訓練,店今晚會提早打烊。

While 用法的兩個意思

while 用法有兩個意思,考試和日常都會遇到,搞混就很容易選錯。

第一個意思是「當……的時候」,強調兩件事同時在進行,後面常接進行式。如果前後主詞一樣,還可以省略主詞和 be 動詞,直接寫 while + V-ing,例如 while waiting、while driving。這跟子句簡化的概念很像,都是把重複的部分拿掉,讓句子更精簡。

第二個意思是「然而、雖然」,用來對比兩件事,通常放在句首,後面加逗號。這時候的 while 跟 although 和 despite 那組很像,although 和 while 是連接詞,後面接子句,despite 是介系詞,後面接名詞,判斷方法跟 because 和 because of 一模一樣。

那多益題目裡怎麼知道是哪個意思?看前後兩句的關係就好。兩件事同時發生,就是「當……的時候」,兩件事互相對照或唱反調,就是「然而」。

while 用法對照圖:當……的時候與然而、雖然兩種意思的例句和判斷方法

(10)
A: Can you watch my bag while I go to the restroom?
A: 我去上個廁所,可以幫我顧一下包包嗎?

B: Sure, take your time.
B: 好啊,慢慢來。

(11)
A: What happened to your ankle?
A: 你的腳踝怎麼了?

B: I slipped while running in the park this morning.
B: 今天早上在公園跑步的時候滑倒了。

(12)
A: Did you finish the slides?
A: 簡報做完了嗎?

B: Almost. I worked on them while waiting for my flight.
B: 快好了,我在等飛機的時候有在做。

(13)
A: Do you and your sister like the same food?
A: 你跟你姊口味一樣嗎?

B: Not really. While I love spicy food, she can’t handle it at all.
B: 不太一樣。我超愛吃辣,她卻完全不能吃。

(14)
While the hotel room was pretty small, the view was amazing.
飯店房間雖然滿小的,但景色超美。

During 用法

during 用法很單純,它是介系詞,後面只接名詞,例如 during the meeting、during the summer、during my trip。不能直接接一個完整句子,想接句子就要換成 while。

同一件事其實兩種說法都可以,I lost my wallet while I was traveling in Osaka. 和 I lost my wallet during my trip to Osaka. 意思一樣,只是一個接子句、一個接名詞。

另一個容易搞混的是 during 和 for。during 回答的是「什麼時候」,for 回答的是「多久」。during the meeting 是在開會期間,for two hours 是持續兩個小時,所以可以說 I fell asleep during the meeting. 也可以說 I slept for two hours.,兩個不能互換。

(15)
A: Did you fall asleep during the movie?
A: 你看電影的時候是不是睡著了?

B: Only for, like, ten minutes!
B: 也才睡十分鐘左右而已啦!

(16)
A: Where did you and your boyfriend meet?
A: 你跟你男友是在哪裡認識的?

B: During my exchange year in Japan.
B: 我在日本當交換學生那年。

(17)
A: Is it okay if I call you during lunch?
A: 我午休的時候打給你可以嗎?

B: Sure, I’ll be free around 12:30.
B: 可以啊,我 12 點半左右有空。

(18)
Please don’t use your phone during the exam.
考試期間請不要使用手機。

考場上的判斷技巧

遇到這類題目,不要急著看中文意思,先看空格後面接的是什麼。這招在多益 Part 5 特別好用,因為選項的意思常常都差不多,真正的考點在詞性。

  • 後面是完整子句(有主詞、有動詞):選連接詞 because 或 while。
  • 後面是名詞或名詞片語:選介系詞 because of、due to 或 during。
  • 後面是 V-ing:先想 while,前後主詞一致才能這樣省略。
  • 詞性確定後再看語意,是原因、時間,還是對比。

because of 用法判斷流程圖:看空格後面接子句、名詞還是 V-ing,選出 because、because of、due to、while、during

because 和 because of、due to、while、during 比較表:詞性、後面接什麼、中文意思和例句

(19)
A: Why is everyone working from home today?
A: 為什麼大家今天都在家上班?

B: Because the office air conditioning broke down.
B: 因為辦公室冷氣壞掉了。

(20)
A: Why’s the line at the bubble tea shop so long?
A: 那家手搖店怎麼排這麼長?

B: Probably because of the buy-one-get-one-free deal.
B: 應該是因為買一送一吧。

(21)
I ran into my old classmate while I was shopping at the night market.
我在夜市逛街的時候遇到以前的同學。

(22)
The park was really crowded during the long weekend.
連假期間公園人超多。

下次在題目裡看到 because、because of、while、during 擠在同一組選項,先看空格後面再下手,這類題目就是送分題。考前把上面 6 題再練一次,印象會更深刻。

延伸閱讀:【多益詞性題選錯超常見?名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞怎麼判斷】

如果你喜歡這篇文章的話,可以追蹤我們的 Threads 和 Facebook 唷!

歡迎留言